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1. Explain and analyse three ways in which judicial independence is upheld in the UK 1 The Judicial Appointments Commission JAC Example: The move from "Secret Soundings" to a forma...
| Case Name | Facts | Case Type | Outcome | | | | | | | A v Home Secretary Belmarsh Case | Foreign terror suspects were held in prison indefinitely without a trial. The denial of t...
1. ‘Devolution is a largely irrelevant process, with all significant powers still in the hands of Westminster.’ Analyse and evaluate this statement. 1 Westminster retains legal sov...
| Word | Definition | | | | | Asymmetry | Shape, inequality, imbalance in relation to politics, an imbalance of powers or representation | | Unitary | Singular, one | | Devolution...
INFO Different format might be better to work with? I didn't provide any explicit example cases. NOTE Potentially useful case: Birmingham City Pay Dispute Gender discrimination, co...
| Question | Point | Type | Description | | | | | | | Explain and analyse three features of cabinet government | Collective Ministerial Responsibility | Example | Theresa May’s Cab...
Watch the clip from John Major and take a few notes on Thatcher's downfall Margaret Thatcher’s downfall is often misrepresented and oversimplified The poll tax was the primary fact...
Question: 'Backbench MPs have few ways to influence the government.' Analyse and evaluate this statement. | Agree Limited power/influence | Disagree Significant power/influence | |...
%% 13/18 = A 11/18 = A 9/18 = B 7/18 = ~C 5/18 = D %% | Reform | Details | Evaluation successful? | | | | | | The Human Rights | Enshrined most provisions from the European Convent...
Statute law Acts of Parliament Law that has been passed by Parliament and written into Acts of Parliament . It is legally binding and must be followed by courts. Common law precede...
Poll Tax Poll tax as a Margaret Thatcher policy which would benefit the rich and negatively impact the poor. It would replace property tax, which was based on size, with a flat rat...
Authoritative works Books written by constitutional experts, e.g., Waller Bagshot or Erskine May Authoritative works are not legally binding, they are not enforceable, they serve a...
Bicameral means two chambers. | Word | Definition | Date Added | | | | | | Authoritative works | Books written by respected judges or academics that are used to clarify and explain...
House of Lords ‘The House of Lords performs some important functions in government and does not require radical reform.’ Analyse and evaluate this statement. | Paragraph | Point |...
Evidence the UK has become more of a multiparty system Decline in two party vote share Conservative + Labour vote share in 2024 = ~57% Lowest since 1922 42% of voters chose parties...
Notes Introduction The report opens by identifying the House of Lords HoL as a powerful but unelected second chamber, whose legitimacy has been questioned increasingly. It highligh...
1. Revise the legislative process The legislative process is the same in both the House of Commons and Lords. Once it has gone through one house, it is sent to the other. Especiall...
| Term | Definition | | | | | Accountability | Government and MPs must explain and justify their actions and can be held responsible by Parliament and the public. | | Adversarial |...
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Conservative Eligibility/Application: Must be on the national Approved List done by passing the Parliamentary Assessment Board PAB, part of the Conservative Board . Longlisting: Lo...
Question 1 Question: 'Media support is crucial for achieving success in general elections.' Analyse and evaluate this statement. | Paragraph | Point | Explain and Example | Analysi...
| Category | Key Findings | | | | | Age | Under 30: ~8% voted Conservative 50 59: 34% voted Labour 60 69: 28% Labour 70+: 46% Conservative Labour vote stable in under 50s 41 46% Me...
| Word | Definition | Date Added | | | | | | Apathy | Lack of interest or enthusiasm in politics or voting. | 05/10/2025 | | By election | An election held in a single constituency...
Notes for videos prior homework, due 22/09/2025 Video 1 Video 2 Government position Prime Minister David Cameron supported remaining in the EU Argued EU membership was beneficial f...
Key: European Union Devolution Election | Referendum | Topic | Result | Turnout | | | | | | | 1973 Northern Ireland | Remain in UK or join Ireland | Remain in UK | 58.7% low due to...
| For | Evidence | Against | Evidence | | | | | | | Turnout was historically low | Only 52.8% of the voting age population voted in 2024 – the lowest since universal suffrage | A m...
Voter turnout decline Fallen gradually globally since the 1960s Peaked in 1992 at 77.7% Lowest in 2001 at 59.4% Has remained below 70% since 1997 Voting demographic Younger people,...
General elections votes every 5 years, the electoral Universal Suffrage Votes are Treated Equally FPTP first past the post system 650 seats divided upon an approximately equal elec...
For Compulsory voting will lead to higher participation Voters will educate themselves Voter turnout will increase Will improve legitimacy as the result is representative of the el...
| Question | Point | Type | Description | | | | | | | 1. Explain and analyse three ways in which UK political parties select their leaders June 2022 | MP nomination thresholds | Ex...
| For | Against private funding donations or membership | | | | | Wrong to ask parties to be funded by those that disagree with them | State funding makes party members less import...
Judicial Review Where a citizen or organisation takes government to court.
Scottish independence could Britain break up? Scotland exports about 60% of its goods to the rest of the UK, showing how economically connected they are. Some people argue Scotland...
NOTICE This was written with the assistance of AI. Writing Introduction The extracts debate whether ... Extract 1 argues that ... In contrast, Extract 2 argues that ... Paragraph O...
Introduction Codified/uncodified Lack of clarity 1. Clarity vs. Flexibility Extract 1 Argument: Lack of clarity has "exacerbated recent political crises," specifically citing the u...
Stalin’s ‘Second Revolution’ 1928–53 Aims : Modernise USSR via collectivisation agriculture and industrialisation industry . Described as a "revolution from above" : political powe...