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Attachment
Attachment is an emotional bond between a caregiver and infant . It is a two way process that leads to endurance over time which results in certain behaviours such as clinging and...
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Bowlby's Monotropic Theory
Evolution Theory Evolution is the process whereby useful features/behaviours are introduced into a species Features/behaviours are useful if they help the animal survive long enoug...
psychologyattachmentsexplanationtheory
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Bowlby's Theory of Maternal Deprivation
Deprivation to lose something. In the context of child development, deprivation refers to the loss of emotional care that is normally provided by a primary care giver. Bowlby's The...
psychologyattachmentsexplanation
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Cultural Variations
Meta Analysis: Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg 1988 of 32 studies Strange Situation Aim To investigate the reported rates of different infant attachments across cultures and within...
psychologyattachments
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Evaluating Attachment
Research testing infants Meltzoff and Moore Type: Criticism reliability Infants' mouths are in constant motion and often stick their tongue out, yawn and smile. This may cause an i...
psychologyattachments
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Evaluating Bowlby's Monotropic Theory
Attachment may not be adaptive Type: Criticism One limitation is that attachment may not be adaptive Bowlby suggests that attachment has evolved as an innate system to give a survi...
psychologyattachmentsexplanationevaluation
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Evaluating Bowlby's Theory of Maternal Deprivation
Real world applications Type: Strength Enormous impact on post war thinking of childrearing and children in hospitals Prior, children were separated from parents when spending time...
psychologyattachmentsexplanationevaluation
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Evaluating Cultural Variations
Nation vs. Culture Type: Criticism The finding is based on countries not cultures Therefore the study lacks validity since there are different subcultures in each country The study...
psychologyattachmentsevaluation
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Evaluating Harlow's Animal Study
Confounding variable Type: Criticism The type of head was different for each wired mother The type of head may have acted as another independent variable Therefore the monkeys may...
psychologyattachmentsanimal-studiesevaluation
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Evaluating Influence of Early Attachments on Relationships
Research is correlational Type: Criticism Research is correlational rather than experimental Therefore cannot claim early attachment type causes relationship experiences later in l...
psychologyattachments
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Evaluating Lorenz's Animal Study
Research support for imprinting Type: Strength Study: Guiton 1966 Chicks were exposed to rubber gloves for feeding them during their first few weeks, this led to the chicks imprint...
psychologyattachmentsanimal-studiesevaluation
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Genie - Feral Child
Genie was a feral child who was locked up in a basement by parents being mistreated to extreme lengths which led to irreversible damage.
psychologyattachments
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Harlow's Animal Study
Aims To demonstrate that mother love attachment was not based on the feeding bong between the mother and infant, but rather the contact comfort Procedure Harlow created two wire 'm...
psychologyattachmentsanimal-studies
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Influence of Early Attachments on Adult Relationships
Internal working model is a mental model providing individuals with expectations about their relationships. This is based on early relationships with the primary caregiver. Continu...
psychologyattachments
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Influence of Early Attachments on Child Relationships
The Minnesota child parent study found early continuity between early attachment and later emotional/social development. Individuals classified as securely attached in infancy were...
psychologyattachments
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Learning Theory
We are born as "blank slates" All we have at birth is the capacity to learn All behaviour is learned from the environment Focus of the approach: observable behaviour Classical Cond...
psychologyattachmentsexplanationlearning-theory
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Lorenz's Animal Study
Animals often imprint on who first they see, Lorenz ensured that he was the first thing that they saw for them to imprint on him, rather than the mother figure. Aims info To find t...
psychologyattachmentsanimal-studies
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Romanian Orphan Studies
Institution a place dedicated to a particular task in which people live for a period of time. Context Began under communist rule of Nicolae Ceausescu, 1966. Tried to boost populati...
psychologyattachmentsstudy
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Schaffer and Emerson (1964)
Aims To investigate early attachments, in particular the age at which they developed, to whom and the emotional intensity Procedure 60 babies 31 male, 29 female from skilled workin...
psychologyattachmentsstudy
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Types of Attachments
Mary Ainsworth Bowlby was interested in attachment , Ainsworth was more interested in individual differences the different types of attachment an infant can form with their care gi...
psychologyattachmentstypes