mindmap
  root((Role of Judges))
    Final Court of Appeal
      Highest court for England, Wales, and NI
      Hears civil appeals from Scotland
    Clarifying the Law
      Interprets meaning of statutes
      Resolves legal uncertainty
    Establishing Precedent
      Creates Common Law
      Guides lower courts and lawmakers
    Judicial Review
      Reviews actions of public bodies
      Ensures government acts legally
    Protecting the Rule of Law
      Ensures no one is punished without trial
      Ensures no one is above the law
    Upholding the Constitution
      Decisions help define constitutional arrangements
      Checks the "partial fusion of powers"
    Protecting Civil Liberties
      Defending rights against the political establishment
      Using the Human Rights Act 1998
    Maintaining Impartiality
      Providing legal justifications for judgements
      Operating with neutrality and anonymity

Judicial Review - Where a citizen or organisation takes government to court.